By Sharon Stapel and David L. Thompson
Businesses and governments in New York and across the country rely on charitable nonprofits to help build the communities we want and address critical needs of all New Yorkers. These charitable organizations rely on steady funding and stable laws and policies to advance their missions and be the reliable partner that businesses and governments expect. This January, as nonprofits evaluate the past year while looking ahead to 2019, uncertainty and change are the only constants; the outcomes of public policy challenges in the coming months will tip the difference in whether nonprofits will have secure resources and sound policies that allow us to partner with the government and business sectors to create a healthy society in New York.
The issue grabbing most of the headlines is how the 2017 federal tax law will affect charitable giving, and thus services in communities. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is predicted to cause 21 million fewer taxpayers to claim itemized deductions, meaning that giving to the work of charitable organizations could drop anywhere from between $17 billion to $21 billion every year. Fewer resources mean fewer people served, less engagement in communities, and reduced purchases from local businesses by nonprofits and their employees. There are steps Congress could take to prevent this decline – such as enacting a universal or non-itemizer charitable deduction that would enable all American taxpayers to benefit for giving to charitable works, regardless of whether they itemize or take the standard deduction.
But in addition to reducing giving, the 2017 tax law also imposes new taxes on tax-exempt organizations. In order to raise revenues to pay for other tax cuts, the law now requires charitable organizations, houses of worship, foundations, and all other nonprofits to pay a 21-percent income tax on some of the expenses they and their employees have for transportation benefits, such as parking and MetroCards and LIRR monthly tickets. Another tax targeting nonprofits requires organizations to pay taxes on each unrelated business activity they have and, unlike for-profit businesses, are now prohibited from applying the losses of one business line to cancel out profits in another “trade or business.” Both of these discriminatory new taxes are expected to divert billions from missions and from communities across the country at a time when revenues from charitable giving are also predicted to decline. Thanks, in part, to NPCC’s work, New York saw fit to block the state version of the transportation tax; if only Congress would follow the lead of the Empire State.
As consummate optimists and natural problem solvers, nonprofits are looking to fix these challenges and reverse the trends they may launch. Yet, it doesn’t take a political scientist to realize that split government in Washington, DC means that big federal policy changes are off the table for the next two years. There’s hope for repealing the new taxes, with business community help. But, what of the other big challenges, such as reforming social services programs and entitlements, fixing federal grantmaking and contracting systems, and balancing sound employment policies that directly affect operations and the wellbeing of employees?
Charitable organizations recognize the same realities as others in the business community: to get anything done in the coming years, the action will be in state houses and city halls. Simply stated, New Yorkers need to look to Albany and New York City, and not Washington, for solutions. Charitable nonprofits will be looking to promote fiscally sound tax incentives for giving back, improved public policies that recognize and reflect the unique, cost-saving contributions nonprofits make to the economy every day, streamlined processes to allow for more effective public-private partnerships, and workplace laws that treat nonprofits as equals in building New York’s quality of life. These are policy goals that nonprofits and all businesses in the state can support. These challenges provide many opportunities for businesses of all stripes – for-profit and nonprofit alike – to unite for the wellbeing of New York’s residents and the state’s economy.
Sharon Stapel is the President of the Nonprofit Coordinating Committee in New York City. David L. Thompson is Vice President of Public Policy for the National Council of Nonprofits in Washington, DC.